Although like other plants B. monnieri, is also affected by AR, very few reports on the effect of salt-stress on B. monniera exists [16] . Studies with different concentrations of NaCl were shown to have an influence on the differentiation of tissues in the root and stem of B. monniera [16] . While higher concentration induced drastic changes in roots grown on salt-supplemented media; epidermal and cortical cells revealed altered shape, size, and orientation or disintegration. A low concentration of salt-induced a profuse development of root hairs, together with enlarged air spaces in the stem cortex and thickened xylem cell walls in the vascular ring which gradually disappeared at higher concentrations [16] . The effect of aluminum on the morphogenic response of B. monnieri, at the maximum concentration has been reported from the maximum tolerant cultures [17] . Sulphur-simulated acid rain (S-SiAR) have been reported to generate a number of salts in the B. monnieri [18] [19] thereby affecting its productivity, growth and flowering. However, the molecular changes induced in plants due to the effect of acid rain or acid-induced orientation or chloroplast streaming remains largely unknown. Therefore in this study we have tried to understand the effect of acid rain on chloroplast observed under 1) light 2) scanning electron, 3) confocal laser scanning microscope and 4) multi elemental analysis using EDS.
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